SOMALI

The Somali looks like its shorthaired  cousin the Abyssinian, but with a semi-long coat.


It is a medium-sized, elegant, graceful and muscular cat breed. The legs are long, and the paws small and oval.


The Somali has a soft wedge-shaped head with graceful lines, rather large ears which can be tufted. The large eyes are almond-shaped, brilliant and expressive with ”eye-liner”. Eye colour can vary from amber to yellow to green.


It is an alert and inquisitive breed with a great deal of hunting instinct.


Like its sibling breed the Abyssinian, the Somali has a ticked coat: each guard hair has distinct colour bands where the darkest colour is always found at the tip of the hair, with a lighter base coat.

The Somali is available in eight approved colours: Ruddy (or usual), sorrel, blue, fawn, silver, sorrel silver, blue silver and fawn silver.


The coat of the Somalis and Abyssinians is unique. Other breeds can have a ticked coat, but then in conjunction with patterns such as stripes or spots. The ticking should consist of at least three bands, but up to ten bands is not incommon. The tail should be foxlike and bushy.  A welldevoloped ruff and ”breeches” are favoured. The fur is easy to care for and seldom mats.


SOMALI - HISTORY AND ORIGINS


The Abyssinian is an ancient breed with a history that dates back to at least the C19th. In the beginning of the 20th century purposeful cat breeding was not very developed so it was naturally difficult to keep the breed clean, especially during the World Wars. After the second World War sometimes long-haired kittens showed up in abyssinian litters.


The longhair gene can lie unseen through generations of shorthaired cats and only shows up when two carriers of the longhair gene are mated. The unwanted longhaired kittens were generally hidden away until in the sixties, and in 1977 the somali was approved by the CFA as a breed of its own.



TEMPERAMENT


When I got my first Somali the general epithet was  ”Too much of everything”, and sometimes one hears them described as ”ticked terrorists”. Elisabeth, Pixies breeder told us that when she got her first somali she thought ”Did I buy a monkey?” Which gives you an idea of how active they can be. Curious, sociable and with a healthy appetite.

They like climbing, and enjoy the company of another cat. My two first somalis lived to the ages of 14 and 16, and kept well-muscled and active throughout- though they mellowed a bit with age.


Three out of four of mine have been extremely affectionate, demanding cuddles every day. Pixie (the fourth) is happy with being carried around, some kisses and strokes and of course being readily admired. Preferably sitting on my laptop, where she has discovered several unknown key combinations and made odd google searches.


CH S* Limhamn’s G.V. Hamira, ruddy (usuall) somali.


HEALTH


The Abyssinian and Somali are healthy breeds with few hereditary defects. Testing for PRA, an eye disease which was common in the 70s and 80s, and PK-deficiency is recommended.


Both diseases are inherited recessively, which means both parents have to carry the defective trait to develop the illness.


Both afflictions are uncommon, and though extensive preventive work by breeders their spreading can be stopped.


PRA (Progressive Retinal Atrophy)

PRA is a hereditary  disease which causes the retina to atrophy, which means the cat goes blind. It can occur in humans, several dog breeds and some cat breeds, among them the Abyssinian and Somali. It was a problem within the Abyssinian during the seventies and eighties.


PRA has also been seen in Somalis, though no cases haveas yet  been diagnosed in Sweden. It is therefore important that Somalis are examined, even though the disease has not been a problem for the breed. With the aid of ophthalmic examination the disease was thwarted quite successfully. One was able to deselect afflicted cats from breeding and with influx of new blood.


The disease is inherited recessively, which means both parents have to carry and pass on the trait for the offspring to develop the disease. A cat with one trait is a carrier, but will not develop PRA.


A mutation, RdAc, conducive to PRA has been identified and since 2007 there is a DNA test available which shows whether the cat has normal traits, is a carrier, or will eventually go blind.  It means that PRA carriers can now be identified, i.e. cats that will not themselves go blind, but may still pass the disease on to their offspring.

Cats who are carriers must only be mated with cats who lack the mutation (are ”normal”.)


PK Deficiency

Short for Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency. A hereditary condition seen in many species. Pyruvate Kinase is an enzyme necessary for the red blood cells to function properly. With PK deficiency the red blood cells will have a shorter life span, with resulting anaemia .


Cats with the mutation for the PK-gene (carriers and those at risk of developing the disease) can today be identified via a DNA test.

Hence breeding cts should be screened before mating. Carriers of the PK defect can be used only if mated with cats that have normal traits. Cats with double  traits should not be used in breeding.

S*Dovienya Ai, fawn somali.